linux中sed的使用方法具體解釋(對行數據的加入、刪除等)
2021-10-08 17:27:25

sed使用語法
[root@fwq test]# sed --help
使用方法: sed [選項]... {腳本(假設沒有其它腳本)} [輸入文件]...

? -n, --quiet, --silent???????????????? 取消自己主動打印模式空間

? -e 腳本, --expression=腳本???????????????? 加入“腳本”到程序的執行列表

? -f 腳本文件, --file=腳本文件???????????????? 加入“腳本文件”到程序的執行列表

? --follow-symlinks???????????????? follow symlinks when processing in place; hard links?will still be broken.

? -i[SUFFIX], --in-place[=SUFFIX]

???????????????? edit files in place (makes backup if extension supplied).

???????????????? The default operation mode is to break symbolic and hard links.

???????????????? This can be changed with --follow-symlinks and --copy.

? -c, --copy

???????????????? use copy instead of rename when shuffling files in -i mode.

???????????????? While this will avoid breaking links (symbolic or hard), the

???????????????? resulting editing operation is not atomic.? This is rarely

???????????????? the desired mode; --follow-symlinks is usually enough, and

???????????????? it is both faster and more secure.

? -l N, --line-length=N???????????????? 指定“l”命令的換行期望長度

? --posix???????????????? 關閉全部 GNU 擴展

? -r, --regexp-extended???????????????? 在腳本中使用擴展正則表達式

? -s, --separate???????????????? 將輸入文件視為各個獨立的文件而不是一個長的連續輸入

? -u, --unbuffered???????????????? 從輸入文件讀取最少的數據。更頻繁的刷新輸出

????? --help???? 打印幫助并退出

????? --version? 輸出版本號信息并退出

?

?

打印出行號，并刪除2-5行

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd | sed '2,5d' |more
???? 1? root:x:0:0:root,704,03738888766,03738888766:/root:/bin/bash

???? 6? sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

???? 7? shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

???? 8? halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt

???? 9? mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin

??? 10? uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin

打印出行號，僅僅刪除2-5行

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd | sed '2d' |more

???? 1? root:x:0:0:root,704,03738888766,03738888766:/root:/bin/bash

???? 3? daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

???? 4? adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

???? 5? lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

打印出行號，刪除第2行以后全部內容

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd | sed '2,$d'

???? 1? root:x:0:0:root,704,03738888766,03738888766:/root:/bin/bash

[root@fwq test]#

打印出行號，在第2行后加上“drink tea”

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd |sed '2a drink tea' | more

???? 1? root:x:0:0:root,704,03738888766,03738888766:/root:/bin/bash

???? 2? bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

drink tea???? 3? daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

???? 4? adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

打印出行號。增加2行“drink tea or drink beer”

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd |sed '2a drink tea or ...

drink beer?

' | more

???? 1? root:x:0:0:root,704,03738888766,03738888766:/root:/bin/bash

???? 2? bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

drink tea or ...

drink beer?

???? 3? daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

???? 4? adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

打印出行號，將第2-5行的內容更換成“No 2-5”

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd | sed '2,5c No 2-5 number' | more???? 1? root:x:0:0:root,704,03738888766,03738888766:/root:/bin/bash

No 2-5 number

???? 6? sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

???? 7? shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

???? 8? halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt

打印出行號。僅列出第5-7行的內容

[root@fwq test]# nl /etc/passwd | sed -n '5,7p'???? 5? lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

???? 6? sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

???? 7? shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown

?