SQL Server 數據庫添加AlwaysOn高可用自定義登陸用戶的方法
2021-12-01 23:09:17

--花了點時間搜羅了網上的相關文章，然后作了簡單匯總，以方便查閱

--1、在主庫上建立用戶并查詢出SID,用于輔庫上創建同步用戶


use tsdb
GO
select [sid] from sys.syslogins where name='user'
GO
use master
select [sid] from sys.syslogins where name='user'

或
SELECT * FROM [dbName]..sysusers



--2、在輔庫上創建同步用戶，使用主庫用戶的SID,以繼承訪問許可
CREATE LOGIN [user] WITH PASSWORD = 'password',
SID = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000,		--從上面的查詢從獲取
DEFAULT_DATABASE = [tsdb],				--默認數據庫
CHECK_EXPIRATION = OFF,					--強制密碼過期 關閉
CHECK_POLICY = OFF					--強制密碼策略 關閉


--網上傳的兩位大神的腳本和導出語句，原本不改羅列如下，
--方法一 
--先在主庫創建好用戶，并用以下腳本創建2個存儲過程（sp_help_revlogin和sp_hexadecimal）
--然后執行sp_help_revlogin存儲過程，在結果里找到所需創建用戶的語句并復制該語句到副庫執行以創建同步用戶

1.在主服務器添加自定義登陸用戶，比如TestUser

2.在主服務器執行如下SQL，在master數據庫創建存儲過程sp_hexadecimal，sp_help_revlogin

3.執行sp_help_revlogin存儲過程，在得到的結果文本里，找到TestUser相關的那條創建用戶的腳本。

4.復制該腳本至其他副本數據庫執行

USE master
GO
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_hexadecimal') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
    @binvalue varbinary(256),
    @hexvalue varchar (514) OUTPUT
AS
DECLARE @charvalue varchar (514)
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @length int
DECLARE @hexstring char(16)
SELECT @charvalue = '0x'
SELECT @i = 1
SELECT @length = DATALENGTH (@binvalue)
SELECT @hexstring = '0123456789ABCDEF'
WHILE (@i <= @length)
BEGIN
  DECLARE @tempint int
  DECLARE @firstint int
  DECLARE @secondint int
  SELECT @tempint = CONVERT(int, SUBSTRING(@binvalue,@i,1))
  SELECT @firstint = FLOOR(@tempint/16)
  SELECT @secondint = @tempint - (@firstint*16)
  SELECT @charvalue = @charvalue +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @firstint+1, 1) +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @secondint+1, 1)
  SELECT @i = @i + 1
END

SELECT @hexvalue = @charvalue
GO
 
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_help_revlogin') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin @login_name sysname = NULL AS
DECLARE @name sysname
DECLARE @type varchar (1)
DECLARE @hasaccess int
DECLARE @denylogin int
DECLARE @is_disabled int
DECLARE @PWD_varbinary  varbinary (256)
DECLARE @PWD_string  varchar (514)
DECLARE @SID_varbinary varbinary (85)
DECLARE @SID_string varchar (514)
DECLARE @tmpstr  varchar (1024)
DECLARE @is_policy_checked varchar (3)
DECLARE @is_expiration_checked varchar (3)

DECLARE @defaultdb sysname
 
IF (@login_name IS NULL)
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR

      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name <> 'sa'
ELSE
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR
      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name = @login_name
OPEN login_curs

FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
IF (@@fetch_status = -1)
BEGIN
  PRINT 'No login(s) found.'
  CLOSE login_curs
  DEALLOCATE login_curs
  RETURN -1
END
SET @tmpstr = '/* sp_help_revlogin script '
PRINT @tmpstr
SET @tmpstr = '** Generated ' + CONVERT (varchar, GETDATE()) + ' on ' + @@SERVERNAME + ' */'
PRINT @tmpstr
PRINT ''
WHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)
BEGIN
  IF (@@fetch_status <> -2)
  BEGIN
    PRINT ''
    SET @tmpstr = '-- Login: ' + @name
    PRINT @tmpstr
    IF (@type IN ( 'G', 'U'))
    BEGIN -- NT authenticated account/group

      SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
    END
    ELSE BEGIN -- SQL Server authentication
        -- obtain password and sid
            SET @PWD_varbinary = CAST( LOGINPROPERTY( @name, 'PasswordHash' ) AS varbinary (256) )
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @PWD_varbinary, @PWD_string OUT
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @SID_varbinary,@SID_string OUT
 
        -- obtain password policy state
        SELECT @is_policy_checked = CASE is_policy_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
        SELECT @is_expiration_checked = CASE is_expiration_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
 
            SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' WITH PASSWORD = ' + @PWD_string + ' HASHED, SID = ' + @SID_string + ', DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'

        IF ( @is_policy_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_POLICY = ' + @is_policy_checked
        END
        IF ( @is_expiration_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_EXPIRATION = ' + @is_expiration_checked
        END
    END
    IF (@denylogin = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is denied access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; DENY CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    ELSE IF (@hasaccess = 0)
    BEGIN -- login exists but does not have access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; REVOKE CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    IF (@is_disabled = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is disabled
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; ALTER LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' DISABLE'
    END
    PRINT @tmpstr
  END

  FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
   END
CLOSE login_curs
DEALLOCATE login_curs
RETURN 0
GO

--方法二
--導出登錄腳本  注：可用于 alwayson 輔助副本同步密碼或者服務器遷移。
--先在主庫創建好用戶，使用以下語句查詢出創建用戶的語名，在執行結果中找到所需創建用戶的語句并復制該語句到副庫執行以創建同步用戶
USE master
GO
SELECT  'CREATE LOGIN [' + p.name + '] '
       + CASE WHEN p.type IN ( 'U', 'G' ) THEN 'FROM windows '
              ELSE ''
         END + 'WITH ' + CASE WHEN p.type = 'S'
                              THEN 'password = '
                                   + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(l.password_hash)
                                   + ' hashed, ' + 'sid = '
                                   + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(l.sid)
                                   + ', check_expiration = '
                                   + CASE WHEN l.is_expiration_checked > 0
                                          THEN 'ON, '
                                          ELSE 'OFF, '
                                     END + 'check_policy = '
                                   + CASE WHEN l.is_policy_checked > 0
                                          THEN 'ON, '
                                          ELSE 'OFF, '
                                     END
                                   + CASE WHEN l.credential_id > 0
                                          THEN 'credential = ' + c.name
                                               + ', '
                                          ELSE ''
                                     END
                              ELSE ''
                         END + 'default_database = '
       + p.default_database_name
       + CASE WHEN LEN(p.default_language_name) > 0
              THEN ', default_language = ' + p.default_language_name
              ELSE ''
         END
FROM    sys.server_principals p
       LEFT JOIN sys.sql_logins l
       ON p.principal_id = l.principal_id
       LEFT JOIN sys.credentials c
       ON l.credential_id = c.credential_id
WHERE   p.type IN ( 'S', 'U', 'G' )
       AND p.name NOT IN ( 'sa')
               AND p.name NOT LIKE '%##%'
               AND p.name NOT LIKE '%NT SERVICE%'
               AND p.name NOT LIKE '%NT AUTHORITY%'

--三人行，必有吾師 
--這是底線，感謝查閱。